Non-Invasive Estimation of Systemic Drug Exposure Using Exhaled Breath Metabolomics in Humans: A Translational Proof-of-Concept Study
K. Fricke, D. M. Baur, K. D. Singh, F. Schmidt, K. Müsch, N. A. Sievi, M. Di Donato, A. Schmick, J. Herth, S. Ulrich, P. Sinues, M. Galovic, M. Kohler
Abstract
Non-Invasive Drug Monitoring Through Exhaled Breath
This study explores exhaled breath as a non-invasive approach for estimating systemic exposure to antiseizure medications. Using Exhalion and Super SESI coupled to a Q Exactive Plus Orbitrap mass spectrometer, SESI-HRMS breath profiles from 117 adults were compared with paired serum measurements.
Breath-derived models showed moderate agreement with serum concentrations for valproic acid, levetiracetam, lamotrigine, and lacosamide. The results support real-time breath metabolomics as a complementary approach for multi-drug exposure monitoring, while further multicenter validation is required before clinical implementation.