Breath Signatures of Antiseizure Medication Response and Tolerability in Adults With Epilepsy

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K. Fricke, D. M. Baur, K. D. Singh, F. Schmidt, K. Müsch, N. A. Sievi, M. Di Donato, A. Schmick, S. Ulrich, P. Sinues, M. Galovic, M. Kohler

Abstract

Breath Metabolomics for Assessing Antiseizure Therapy Outcomes

Using SESI-HRMS, this observational study analyzed 127 exhaled-breath samples from 117 adults receiving antiseizure medication to investigate treatment response and adverse effects. Breath-based machine-learning models distinguished responders from nonresponders (AUC 0.84) and patients with versus without adverse effects (AUC 0.88), whereas serum drug concentrations showed no meaningful association with these outcomes. The findings support non-invasive pharmacodynamic phenotyping, although external validation is needed before clinical use.

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Exhaled breath metabolomics: Clinical diagnostic applications, technological evolution and translational challenges