Secondary Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Analysis: Current Challenges and Emerging Solutions
D. García, A. Ballester, M. E. Fernández
Abstract
SESI-MS for volatile analysis: overcoming challenges toward clinical and industrial adoption
Secondary electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (SESI-MS) is a powerful platform for real-time, noninvasive analysis of volatile compounds in complex matrices such as breath and microbial systems. This review examines the key methodological challenges limiting its broader adoption,including quantification, compound identification, and standardization, and highlights emerging solutions such as advanced fragmentation strategies, spectral stitching, and improved quality control approaches. By addressing these critical gaps, SESI-MS is positioned to transition from a research tool to a robust technology for clinical diagnostics, volatilomics, and industrial applications.